|
Indian Railways issued revised
'Refund Rules' with effect from 1.7.2013
Indian Railways has issued revised 'Refund Rules' with effect from 1st July, 2013. For the convenience of the train passengers, Indian Railways have drawn up liberalized customer-friendly Refund Rules. To get the maximum benefit and to save on cancellation charges, Passengers are requested to cancel their tickets within the prescribed time limits, wherever possible. This will also help other RAC / Wait List passengers in getting confirmed accommodation. The revised 'Refund Rules' are given below...
Refund Rule with effect from 1.7.2013
1. Definitions :- In these rules,
unless the context otherwise requires -
(a) “clerkage” means a charge levied by
a railway administration for the clerical work rendered by it in the refund
of fares;
(b) “destination station” means the
station for which the ticket has been issued;
(c) “RAC ticket” means a ticket on
which a seat has been reserved against requisition for a berth and a berth
may be subsequently provided against cancellation, if any;
(d) “fare” includes basic fare,
supplementary charge on superfast trains and reservation fee;
(e) “reserved ticket” means a journey
ticket on which a berth or seat has been reserved;
(f) “reservation fee” means the charge,
in addition to the fare, levied by the Railway administration for the
reservation of a berth or seat;
(g) “station” means a railway station
and includes other reservation offices or booking offices in the same
city;
(h) “station master” means a railway
employee, by whatever name called, having overall charge of a railway station
and includes any other railway employee authorised to grant refund of fare at
a Station;
(i) “ticket” means a single journey
ticket or any half of a return ticket but does not include a season ticket,
an Indrail Pass ticket or a special ticket for a reserved carriage or a
tourist car or saloon, or a special train;
(j) “ARP” means advance reservation
period upto which a reserved ticket can be booked for a future journey
date;
(k) “confirmed ticket” means a ticket
on which a seat or berth has been reserved;
(l) “TDR” means ticket deposit receipt
issued to the passengers in lieu of the surrendered ticket, at the station
where the ticket has been surrendered by the passenger;
(m) “tatkal ticket” means a ticket with
shorter advance reservation period, issued to meet the requirements of those
passengers who have to travel at short notice;
(n) “waitlisted ticket” means a ticket
on which no berth or seat has been allotted.’
Levy of clerkage :- Subject to other provisions of these rules, station master shall levy a clerkage charge per passenger for cancellation of unreserved, wait-listed and RAC tickets at the rate of rupees fifteen for second class (unreserved) and rupees thirty for second class (reserved) and other classes”.
3. Unused tickets on which no
reservation has been made :-
If a ticket on which no reservation of a seat or berth has been made is presented to the station master for cancellation, refund of fare shall be made on every such ticket after deducting the clerkage-
(i) the ticket is presented for cancellation within
three hours of issue of ticket;
(ii) in case of tickets issued in advance, the ticket is presented upto 2400 hours of the day preceding the day of journey”.
4. Unused tickets on which
reservation has been made.
1. Subject to the provisions of these rules, if a ticket on which reservation of a seat or berth has been made is presented by the passenger or his agent to a station master for cancellation, refund of fare shall be made after deducting cancellation charges from the fare as follows:-
(a) if the ticket is presented for cancellation more
than forty eight hours in advance of the scheduled departure of the train, a
minimum per passenger cancellation charge shall be deducted at the flat rate
of rupees one hundred and twenty for airconditioned first class/executive
class, rupees one hundred for airconditioned-II tier/first class, rupees
ninety for air conditioned III-tier/ 3 economy/airconditioned chair car,
rupees sixty for sleeper class and rupees thirty for second class.
(b) if the ticket is presented for cancellation between forty eight hours and upto six hours before the scheduled departure of the train, cancellation charge shall be twenty five per cent of the fare subject to a minimum of the cancellation charge referred to in clause(a); (c) if the ticket is presented for cancellation within six hours before the scheduled departure of the train and upto two hours after the actual departure of the train irrespective of distance, the cancellation charge shall be fifty per cent of the fare subject to a minimum of the cancellation charge referred to in clause (a); and (d) the passenger may get the ticket cancelled from any Passenger Reservation System(PRS) counters or the designated current counters: Provided that for the night trains leaving between 21.00 hours and 06.00 hours (actual departure), refund shall be admissible at the station within first two hours after the opening of reservation office, in case no current counters are available at the station originating the journey;
(2) No refund shall be granted on the reserved ticket
if it is surrendered for cancellation after two hours of the actual
departure of the train.
(3) In case, on a party ticket or a family ticket
issued for travel of more than one person, some persons have confirmed
reservation and others are on waiting list, full refund of fare, less
clerkage, shall be admissible for confirmed passengers also provided that the
entire ticket is surrendered for cancellation within six hours before the
scheduled departure of the train and upto two hours after actual departure of
the train”.
5. Unused waitlisted or RAC tickets
:-
(1) If a waitlisted ticket or RAC
ticket is presented for cancellation, refund of fare shall be made after
deducting the clerkage in the following manner, namely:-
(i) the ticket is presented for cancellation upto
three hours after the actual departure of the train irrespective of the
distance;
(ii) the passenger may get the tickets cancelled from any Passenger Reservation System(PRS) counters or the designated current counters; (iii) no refund of fare shall be granted on RAC ticket or waitlisted ticket after three hours of the actual departure of the train.
(2) In case no current counters are
available at the station originating the journey for night trains leaving
between 21.00 hours and 06.00 hours (actual departure), refund of fare shall
be admissible at the station within first two hours after the opening of
reservation office.
(3) In remote and hill areas as
identified by the Zonal Railway with the prior approval of the General
Manager and printed in the time table, for night trains leaving between 19.00
hours and 06.00 hours (actual departure) refund shall be admissible at the
station within first two hours after the opening of reservation or booking
office, in case there is no reservation counters or booking office or current
counters available in that area.
(4) Where confirmed reservation has
been provided to RAC or waitlisted ticket holder at any time upto the final
preparation of reservation chart, such ticket shall be treated as a reserved
ticket and cancellation charge shall be payable in accordance with rule for Unused
tickets on which reservation has been made.
5 A. Cancellation of e- tickets :-
(1) The e- ticket may be booked and
cancelled through internet and the refund of are shall be credited to the
customer’s account after deducting the charges applicable.
(2) In case of a confirmed e-ticket,
refund of fare shall be granted in accordance with rule for Unused tickets on
which reservation has been made.
(3) In case of RAC e-ticket, refund of
fare shall be granted in accordance with rule for unused waitlisted and RAC
tickets.
(4) In case of the waitlisted e-ticket
on which status of all the passengers is on waiting list even after
preparation of reservation charts, names of all such passengers booked on
that Passenger Name Record (PNR) shall be dropped from the reservation chart
and refund of fare shall be credited to the customer’s account after
deducting the clerkage.
(5) In case on a party e-ticket or a
family e-ticket issued for travel of more than one person, some persons have
confirmed reservation and others are on the list of RAC and waiting list,
then in case of passengers on RAC or waitlisted not travelling, a certificate
has to be obtained from the ticket checking staff to that effect and refund
of fare shall be processed online through TDR, indicating the details of the
certificate issued by ticket checking staff.
(6) The online TDR shall be filed upto
seventy two hours of actual arrival of the train at passenger’s destination
and the original certificate issued by the ticket checking staff is to be
sent through post to Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation
(IRCTC).
(7) The fare shall be refunded by
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) to the customer’s
account after due verification.
(8) In case of e-tickets (confirmed or
RAC), if the reservation charts have been prepared, online TDR is required to
be filed for obtaining refund.
(9) No refund of fare shall be
admissible on e- ticket having confirmed reservation in case the request for
refund is filed online after two hours of the actual departure of the
train.
(10) No refund of fare shall be
admissible on RAC e-tickets in case the request for refund is filed online
after three hours of the actual departure of the train.
5 B. Refund on Tatkal ticket :-
1. No refund of fare shall be
admissible on confirmed Tatkal ticket.
2. In case of Tatkal ticket on
waitlist, refund of fare shall be granted in accordance with rule for unused
waitlisted or RAC tickets.
3. In case on a party Tatkal ticket or
a family tatkal ticket issued for travel for more than one person, some
persons have confirmed reservation and others are on waiting list, full
refund of fare, less clerkage, shall be admissible for confirmed passengers
also provided that the entire tatkal ticket is surrendered for cancellation
within six hours before the scheduled departure of the train or upto two
hours of the actual departure of the train.
6. Cancellation charges on multiple
journey tickets :-
When an unused ticket involving more than one journey is surrendered for cancellation, the entire ticket shall be treated as one single journey ticket and refund of fare of the entire ticket, irrespective of reservation status of different laps of journeys, shall be granted as per reservation status of first lap of journey, as under:-
(i) if reservation status of first lap
of journey is confirmed, refund shall be granted in accordance with rule
unused tickets on which reservation has been made (confirmed tickets)
and
(ii) if reservation status of first lap
of journey is RAC or waiting list, refund shall be granted , in accordance
with rule Unused waitlisted or RAC tickets.
Note: The cancellation charges or
clerkage shall be levied only once on the entire amount of ticket and not
separately for each lap of journey.
7. Postponement or preponement of
journey on a reserved, RAC or waitlisted ticket :-
(1) The postponement of journey on
confirmed or RAC or waitlisted ticket shall be allowed in the same class and
for the same destination or any higher class by the same train or by any
other train for any subsequent days, subject to condition that.-
(i) the ticket is surrendered during the working
hours of reservation office and at least forty eight hours before the
scheduled departure of the train in which originally booked;
(ii) the confirmed or RAC or waitlisted accommodation is available in the train in which fresh reservation is required; (iii) in case of confirmed ticket, fresh reservation fee for the class for which reservation is required, is paid; and (iv) in case of RAC or waitlisted ticket, clerkage charge is paid.
(2) The preponement of journey on
confirmed or RAC or waitlisted ticket shall be allowed in the same class and
for the same destination or any higher class by the same train or by any
other train for any earlier days, subject to condition that -
(i) ticket is surrendered during the working hours of
reservation office and at least forty-eight hours before the scheduled
departure of the train in which originally booked;
(ii) the confirmed or RAC or waitlisted accommodation is available in the train in which fresh reservation is required; iii) in case of confirmed tickets, fresh reservation fee for the class for which reservation is required, is paid; and (iv) in case of RAC or waitlisted ticket, clerkage charge is paid.
(3) In case of difference in fares for
originally booked journey and revised journey, the difference of fare shall
be refunded or recovered, as the case may be, subject to the provisions of
sub rules (1) and (2) .
(4) The postponement or preponement of
journey under the sub-rule (1) or sub-rule
(2) shall be allowed only once.
(5) The postponement or preponement of
journey on normal train ticket other that Tatkal ticket shall not be
applicable against Tatkal Quota even on payment of Tatkal charges”.
8. Change of journey from lower class
to higher class :-
(1) Change of reservation shall be
allowed on a reserved ticket of lower class for higher class on the same
train and day or when reserved for a seat in a class for reservation of a
berth in the same class on the same train and day, without levying any
cancellation charges but on payment of fresh reservation fee for higher
class/berth, provided that -
(i) accommodation is available, and
(ii) the request for change is made -
(a) either during the working hours of
reservation office and upto six hours before the scheduled departure of the
train, or
(b) during the course of journey in the
train.;
(2) The change referred to under
sub-rule (1) shall be allowed only once
(3) If the ticket on which change of
reservation has been allowed under sub-rule (1) is cancelled, cancellation
charge shall be payable as follows, namely :-
(a) cancellation charge as would have
been due if the original reservation had been cancelled at the time when the
change of reservation was allowed; and
(b) cancellation charge due in respect
of the altered reservation as if the altered reservation is a fresh
reservation.
9. Non-commencement or missing of
journey due to late running of trains :-
(i) No cancellation charge or clerkage
shall be levied and full fare shall be refunded to all passengers holding
reserved, RAC and waitlisted tickets, if the journey is not undertaken due to
late running of the train by more than three hours of the scheduled departure
of the train from the station commencing the journey subject to condition
that –
(ii) the ticket is surrendered upto the
actual departure of the train;
(iii) in case of e-tickets, the TDR is
filed online before the actual departure of the train for availing full
refund.
(2) In case the ticket is cancelled or
surrendered or if the request for refund of fare is filed online after the
actual departure of the train, no refund of fare shall be admissible.
(3) Where a passenger holding a ticket,
with or without reservation, misses connection for continued journey by
another train at any junction station owing to late running of the train by
which he had been travelling, the fare for the travelled portion shall be
retained and the balance amount of ticket shall be refunded as the fare for
untravelled portion, without levying any cancellation charge or clerkage, if
he surrenders the ticket for such refund within three hours of the actual
arrival of the train by which he had travelled and the refund of fare shall
be granted at the junction station”.
10. Cancellation of tickets where
railway administration is unable to provide accommodation :-
Where a railway administration is
unable to provide accommodation for any reason whatsoever to passengers
holding reserved tickets, no cancellation charge shall be levied and full
refund of fare shall be granted to them if such tickets are surrendered for
refund within three hours from the actual departure of the train:
Provided that when the train is cancelled due to unforeseen
circumstances such as accidents, breaches and floods, the ticket is
surrendered within three days excluding the scheduled day of departure of the
train.
11. Partially used tickets :-
(1) Except as provided in these rules,
no refund shall be granted at a station on a ticket on which part of the
journey has been undertaken.
(2) Where a passenger terminates the
journey enroute, a ticket deposit receipt shall be issued to the ticket
holder by the station master of the station in lieu of surrender of the
ticket and refund shall be admissible in terms of rule for refund of
Passenger Reservation System (PRS) tickets in other circumstances. In such
cases, fare for the travelled portion shall be retained and the balance
amount of the ticket shall be refundable as the fare for the untravelled
portion of journey.
12. Discontinuation of journey due
to dislocation of train services :-
(1) When a train journey is dislocated
enroute due to unforeseen circumstances, such as accidents, breaches and
floods, full fare for the entire booked journey without any deduction for the
travelled portion and without levy of cancellation charge shall be refunded
at the station at which the journey is terminated under the following
circumstances :-
(a) when the railway is unable to carry
the passenger to destination station within a reasonable time by arranging
transhipment or diversion or otherwise; or
(b) when the passenger is involved in a
railway accident and/or injured in the accident and does not continue his
journey; or
(c) in the case of death or injury to a
passenger in a railway accident, the kith and kin of the passenger have to
terminate the journey.
(2) Where the railway administration
offers to carry the passenger to his destination station by any diverted
route or by arranging transhipment or otherwise, and the passenger is not
willing to avail of such an alternative arrangement, fare for travelled
portion shall be retained and the balance amount of ticket shall be refunded
as the fare for untravelled portion, without levying any cancellation
charges, at the station at which the journey has been terminated.
(3) Where the train journey is
dislocated enroute due to bandhs, agitations or rail roko, fare for travelled
portion shall be retained and the balance amount of ticket shall be refunded
as the fare for untravelled portion, without levying any cancellation
charges.
(4) If the trains, which have separate
all-inclusive fare structure on point to point basis, are terminated at a
non-scheduled stoppage of the train and the passenger is not willing to avail
of the alternative arrangement made by the railway administration to carry
the passenger to his destination station, fare for the distance travelled
shall be retained based on the per kilometer fare of ticket and balance
amount shall be refunded as the fare for untravelled portion of
journey.
13. Refund of certain fare on failure
to provide air-conditioning facility in air-conditioned coaches. -
(1) Where the air-conditioning facility
could not be provided for a portion of journey, refund on tickets issued for
air-conditioned coaches shall be granted for such portion on the following
basis, namely :-
(a) if the ticket is for
air-conditioned first class, the difference between the airconditioned first
class fare and first class fare;
(b) if the ticket is for
air-conditioned sleeper/air-conditioned 3-tier sleeper class, the difference
between air-conditioned sleeper/air-conditioned 3-tier sleeper class fare and
sleeper class fare (Mail and Express);
(c) if the ticket is for
air-conditioned chair car, the difference between air-conditioned chair car
fare and second class fare (Mail and Express);
(d) if the ticket is for executive
class, the difference between the notified executive class fare for the
concerned section and the first class fare (Mail and Express) for the
concerned distance of that section.
(2) The refund of difference of fare
under sub-rule (1) shall be granted at the destination station on production
of the ticket alongwith a certificate from the conductor or the guard or the
travelling ticket examiner of the train giving particulars of the ticket, number
of the coach and stations between which the air-conditioning facility was not
provided, and is presented within twenty hours of arrival of the train.
14. When passengers are made to
travel in lower class for want of accommodation :-
If the ticket holder of a higher class
is made to travel in a lower class for want of accommodation in the class for
which the ticket was issued, refund of the difference between the fare paid
and the fare payable for the class in which it is actually used shall be granted
at the destination station or at the originating station, as the case may be:
Provided that refund shall be granted at the destination station on
production of a certificate from the conductor or the guard or the travelling
ticket examiner of the train certifying that the holder of the ticket had to
travel in a lower class for want of accommodation in the class for which it
was issued and the ticket, alongwith the above certificate, is presented
within two days of the date of issue of the certificate (excluding the date
of issue of the certificate).
15. Lost, misplaced, torn or
mutilated tickets: -
(1) No refund of fare in respect of a
lost or misplaced ticket shall be granted.
(2) Refund of fare shall be granted in
respect of a torn or mutilated ticket if its genuineness and authenticity are
verifiable on the basis of the particulars visible on the face of the
ticket.
(3) If the reservation status of a
lost, misplaced, torn or mutilated ticket, at the time of receipt of the
application for issuance of a duplicate ticket for the purpose of undertaking
journey, is confirmed or RAC and that the duplicate ticket is sought before
preparation of reservation chart of the concerned train, the station master
shall issue a duplicate ticket in lieu of the original ticket on payment of
rupees fifty per passenger in case of second and sleeper class and rupees one
hundred per passenger for other classes.
(4) If a duplicate ticket in lieu of a
lost or misplaced reserved ticket is sought after preparation of reservation
chart of the concerned train, it shall be issued on payment of a charge
equivalent to fifty per cent of the total fare.
(5) No duplicate ticket shall be issued
in respect of RAC tickets after preparation of reservation chart of the
concerned train.
(6) If duplicate ticket in lieu of a
torn or mutilated reserved or RAC ticket is sought after preparation of
reservation chart of the concerned train, it shall be issued on payment of a
charge equivalent to twenty-five per cent of the total fare.
(7) A duplicate ticket in respect of a
party coach ticket or a special train ticket shall be issued upto the time of
departure of the train, on payment of a charge equivalent to ten per cent of
the total fare.
(8) No refund of fare shall be granted
in respect of charges paid under sub-rules (3),(4),(5) and (6) except
in cases where the lost or misplaced ticket is traced after the issuance of a
duplicate ticket and presented alongwith the duplicate ticket before
departure of the train and in that case charges collected towards the
issuance of duplicate ticket shall be refunded after deducting five per cent
thereof subject to a minimum deduction of rupees twenty.
(9) In case the journey is not
undertaken, the cancellation charges on the original ticket shall be
determined as specified in these rules.
(10) If the passenger, who has paid
excess charges in train on account of his reserved ticket or RAC ticket being
lost, misplaced, torn or mutilated, makes an application to a railway
administration for grant of refund of the charges paid in train, the Chief
Commercial Manager (Refunds) of that railway administration may, after making
such inquiry as he may deem necessary, grant refund of fare, total charges
realised in the train, after retaining the cancellation charges at fifty per
cent. of a single journey ticket fare per passenger provided that no one has
taken refund earlier on the original ticket”.
16. Wait-listed passengers on
concession and privilege ticket order tickets :-
When any person has purchased a ticket
on any concessional order or privilege ticket order, and is wait-listed for
reservation in any train, he shall be entitled to avail of the same ticket
for reservation in any other train on the same date or any other date,
without losing the benefit of concessional fare.
17. Unused portion of return tickets
:-
No refund shall be granted on the
unused portion of the concessional return tickets. When a return ticket is
issued without any concession, it shall be treated like two single journey tickets
and the refund shall be granted accordingly.
18. Refund of fare on unused tickets
and freight realised on luggage tickets in respect of luggage booked on the
same ticket in case the journey is not undertaken :-
(1) Refund of freight on luggage shall be granted by
the station master as under:
(2) On production of journey ticket on
which luggage has been booked, the fare shall be refunded only if bearing the
endorsement referred to in sub-rule (1) on the unused ticket after deducting
the cancellation charges or clerkage as per rules.
19. Application for refund of Passenger
Reservation System (PRS) tickets in other circumstances :-
(1) For refund of fare under
circumstances other than those specified in these rules or under
circumstances like ‘bandh’ or agitations or floods, etc., the passengers
could not reach the reservation counter or station or current counters for
cancellation of tickets, in those cases, a TDR shall be issued to the
passenger and the passenger may apply for refund of fare within ten days from
the day of commencement of journey to the Chief Commercial Manager (Refunds)
of the railway administration under whose jurisdiction the TDR issuing
station comes, enclosing the original TDR.
(2) In the circumstances specified in
sub-rule(1), the TDR shall be issued only upto three days after the scheduled
departure of the train”.
Source: www.indianrailways.gov.in
|
||||
|
Press Information Bureau
Government of India
Ministry of Statistics & Programme
Implementation
20-June-2013 11:42 IST
Key Indicators of Employment and
Unemployment in India, 2011-12
The National Sample Survey Office
(NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation has released the
key indicators of Employment and Unemployment in India, from the data
collected in its 68th round survey conducted during the period July 2011 -
June 2012. The NSS surveys on employment and unemployment are conducted
quinquennially starting from 27th round (October 1972 - September 1973) and
the last quinquennial survey was conducted in NSS 66th round (July 2009- June
2010) for which, the results have already been released. The NSS 68th round
was the ninth quinquennial round on the subject. The detailed results of
surveys on employment and unemployment are usually brought out by the NSSO
through a number of reports. In order to make available the salient results
of the surveys, well in advance of the release of its reports, for use in
planning, policy formulation, decision support and as input for further
statistical exercises, the NSSO has released the key indicators.
The indicators are based on the
Central Sample of 1,01,724 households (59,700 in rural areas and 42,024
in urban areas) surveyed from 7,469 villages in rural areas and 5,268 urban
blocks spread over all the States and Union Territories except (i) interior villages
of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (ii)
villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remained inaccessible
throughout the year.
In
defining the lead indicators of Labour force participation rate (LFPR i.e.
ratio of labour force to population), Worker Population Ratio (WPR i.e. ratio
of workforce to population), Proportion Unemployed (PU i.e. ratio of
unemployed to population) and Unemployment Rate (UR i.e. ratio of unemployed
to labour force) in NSS surveys, persons are classified into various activity
categories on the basis of the activities pursued by them during certain
specified reference periods. Three reference periods used in NSS surveys are
(i) one year (ii) one week and (iii) each day of the reference week.
Based on these three periods, three different measures of activity
status are arrived at. Activity status determined on the basis of reference
period of one year is known as the Usual Status (US) of a person, that
determined on the basis of a reference period of one week is known as the
Current Weekly Status (CWS) of the person and the activity status determined
on the basis of the activities pursued by a person on each day during the
reference week is known as the Current Daily Status (CDS) of the person. In US
approach, there are two indicators viz. one based on principal activity
called Usual Principal Status (ps) and other based on both principal and
subsidiary activities taken together termed as Usual Status (ps+ss). The unit
of measurements in case of US and CWS is persons and in case of CDS, it is
person-days. The key indicators on employment and unemployment based on 68th
round along with the comparable indicators of 66th round and estimated
persons/person-days (in million) in labour force, in workforce and unemployed
corresponding to these two rounds are given in Annexure -I and Annexure –II
respectively.
These
indicators and also the other important statistics relating to
distribution of workers according to employment status and industry and
also on wage rates of regular wage/salaried employees and casual labourers
from the survey are summarized as below:
1.
Labour force participation rate (LFPR) in Usual Status (ps+ss)
About
40 per cent of population belonged to the labour force - 41 per cent in rural
areas and 37 per cent in urban areas.
LFPR
for males was nearly 56 per cent and it was 23 per cent for females.
LFPR
was about 55 per cent for rural males and about 56 per cent for urban males.
It was about 25 per cent for rural females and about 16 per cent for
urban females.
2.
Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in usual status (ps+ss)
WPR
was 39 per cent at the all-India level- 40 per cent in rural areas and 36 per
cent in urban areas.
WPR
for males was nearly 54 per cent and it was 22 per cent for females.
WPR
was nearly 54 per cent for rural males and 25 per cent for rural females. It
was nearly 55 per cent for urban males and 15 per cent urban females.
3.
Unemployment rate (UR) in usual status (adjusted)
UR
in the usual status (ps+ss) termed as UR in usual status (adjusted) was
nearly 2 per cent at the all-India level. It was about 2 per cent in rural
areas and about 3 per cent in urban.
In
the rural areas, UR for both males and females were almost at the same level
(nearly 2 per cent) while in urban areas, UR for females was about 5 per cent
as compared to 3 per cent for males.
4.
Growth in employment between 66th round and 68th round :
According
to the usual status (ps+ss), the workforce at the all-India level, was
about 459.0 millions (rural male: 231.9, rural female:104.5, urban male: 99.8
and urban female: 22.8) as on 1st January 2010 (NSS 66th round) which
increased to 472.9 millions (rural male: 234.6, rural female:101.8, urban
male:109.2 and urban female: 27.3) as on 1st January 2012 (NSS 68th round),
indicating a growth of about 13.9 millions of the workforce at the all-India
level between 66th round and 68th round.
5.
Distribution of usual status (ps+ss) workers by employment status
In
the total workforce of usual status (ps+ss) at the all-India level, the
shares of self-employed, regular wage/salaried employees and casual labour
were 52 per cent, 18 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively.
In
the rural areas, the shares of self-employed, regular wage/salaried employees
and casual labour were 56 per cent, 9 per cent and 35 per cent, respectively.
In
the urban areas, the shares of self-employed and regular wage/salaried
employees were 42 per cent and 43 per cent, respectively and the rest (15 per
cent) were casual labours.
The
shares of self-employment in total workforce were 55 per cent for rural
males, 59 per cent for rural females, 42 per cent for urban males, 43 per
cent for urban females. The corresponding shares of casual labour were 36 per
cent, 35 per cent, 15 per cent and 14 per cent for rural males, rural
females, urban males and urban females, respectively.
6.
Industry-wise distribution of usual status (ps+ss) workers
Among
the workers in the usual status (ps+ss), about 49 per cent, 24 per cent and
27 per cent were engaged in agricultural sector, secondary sector and
tertiary sector, respectively.
In
rural areas, nearly 59 per cent of the usual status (ps+ss) male workers
and nearly 75 per cent of the female workers were engaged in the
agricultural sector. Among the male workers, 22 per cent and 19 per
cent were engaged in secondary and tertiary sectors, respectively. The
corresponding proportions for female workers were 17 per cent and 8 per cent,
respectively.
In
urban areas, nearly 59 per cent of male workers and 55 per cent of the female
workers were engaged in the tertiary sector. The secondary sector employed
nearly 35 per cent of the male and 34 per cent of the female workers. The
share of urban workforce in agricultural sector was nearly 6 per cent for male
workers and 11 per cent for female workers.
7.
Wage Rates of Regular Wage/Salaried Employees and Casual Labourers (age 15-59
years)
At
the all-India level, average wages received by regular wage/salaried
employees was Rs. 396 per day. This was Rs. 299 in the rural areas and Rs.
450 in the urban areas.
In
the rural areas, wages received per day by a regular wage/salaried
employee was was Rs. 322 for males and Rs. 202 for females, indicating the
female-male wage ratio as 0.63. In the urban areas, this was Rs. 470 for
males and Rs. 366 for females, indicating the female-male wage ratio as 0.78.
Daily
wages received by casual labours engaged in works other than public works was
Rs. 139 in rural areas and Rs. 170 in urban areas. In the rural areas, wage
received (per day) was Rs. 149 for males and Rs. 103 for females. In the
urban areas, the corresponding rates were Rs. 182 and Rs. 111 for males and
females, respectively.
Daily
wages received by casual labours of rural areas engaged in public works other
than MGNREG public works was Rs. 121. This was Rs. 127 for males and Rs. 111
for females. Daily wages received by casual labours of rural areas engaged in
MGNREG public works was Rs. 107. This was Rs. 112 for males and Rs. 102 for
females.
Sourcee: PIN News photo media file: Download Now
|
Friday, June 21, 2013
Indian Railways issued revised 'Refund Rules' with effect from 1.7.2013
